修辞目的题解题技巧

来源：

北京外国语大学雅思托福培训中心

发表于：2018-10-12 11:24:41

相关标签：雅思培训北京雅思培训

修辞目的题解题技巧

很多同学在做题的时候修辞目的题总是错，总是做的晕头转向，在选项中徘徊不定，选不出正确来。其实，修辞目的题，真的不难，甚至可以说是简单。为什么呢？---出现的位置非常固定，哪怕不知道题干中出现的词或短语是什么意思，依然能够做对题目。

首先，来一起认识下修辞目的题。

托福阅读中出现这样的题干：why does the author mention xxx？ / The author discuss xxx in order to..? / The author uses X as an example of..? 就是修辞目的题了。

同学们要注意这里所指的修辞，跟咱们汉语中说的比喻，拟人，双关之类的修辞并不是一个意思。那么在托福阅读中的修辞目的，问的是举例或者是列举这两种修辞手法的目的，那么对应的目的其实只有一个，那就是“为了论证观点”。So，咱们只要找到提问对象所对应的观点就OK啦。那么，观点出现的位置和提问对象的位置关系一般是怎样的呢？---大家可以回想一下，自己写作文的时候，是不是先出观点，然后再用举例或者列举或者解释这样的修辞来论证的呢？那么分析到这里，就显而易见了---观点通常出现在所提问对象之前。

下边来看一道具体的题目：

Thousands of years ago, in North America‘s past, all of its megafauna—large mammals such as mammoths and giant bears—disappeared. One proposed explanation for this event is that when the first Americans migrated over from Asia, they hunted the megafauna to extinction. These people, known as the Clovis society after a site where their distinctive spear points were first found, would have been able to use this food source to expand their population and fill the continent rapidly. Yet many scientists argue against this “Pleistocene overkill” hypothesis. Modern humans have certainly been capable of such drastic effects on animals, but could ancient people with little more than stone spears similarly have caused the extinction of numerous species of animals? Thirty-five genera or groups of species (and many individual species) suffered extinction in North America around 11,000 B.C., soon after the appearance and expansion of Paleo-lndians throughout the Americas (27 genera disappeared completely, and another 8 became locally extinct, surviving only outside North America). （TPO54-2）

Why does the author compare "Modern humans" with "ancient people"?

A.To argue that modern people have continued to have drastic effects on animal species

B. To illustrate how people from different historical times treated animals differently

C. To question the idea that ancient people could have hunted the megafauna to extinction

D. To emphasize that modern people are more successful hunters than ancient people were

此题中，"Modern humans"&"ancient people"即提问对象，我们不用知道这两个短语具体是什么含义。首先在文中找到提问对象出现的位置，然后往前找观点句—即 Yet many scientists argue against this “Pleistocene overkill” hypothesis. 意思是此观点遭到了质疑。那么去看哪个选项和这个意思一致呢？明显是C选项了。

由此看来，修辞目的题中，只要找到所提问对象出现的位置，再往前找观点句，就可以轻松选出来了。所以，修辞目的题真心不难。当然也会有例外的情况出现，以及会出现有的同学在看选项时候辨别不清楚到底哪个选项才是和原文观点句意思一致的选项的情况，其实这些在托福阅读当中都属于重点和难点，我们在接下来的文章中会陆续提到这些问题的解决办法。

文中图片素材来源网络，如有侵权请联系删除

分享到：

修辞目的题解题技巧 原创内容，请点击北京雅思培训

您的学历：