朗阁海外考试研究中心徐鹏

雅思口语话题如何拓展对很多同学来说一直是一个难题，口语的一部分要求同学们回答三句话以上，第二部分要求两分钟的陈述，第三部分更是需要考生和考官进行一个深入的探讨。所以如何让自己变得有话可说非常重要，这可以说是同学们雅思口语考试取得理想成绩的关键。接下来，朗阁海外考试研究中心的将和大家来分享一下四种简单的口语拓展策略，希望对烤鸭们有所帮助。


一、5个W

5个W即：when, where,who, what, why, 这种方法为口语拓展的常用方法，当我们被要求描述一些客观事物或事件时，如：Could you describe your accommodation?  Please describe your favorite traditionalfestival等等，时常用5W法来进行拓展，这有些类似于我们中文中的记叙文五大要素。这种方法考生容易想到，也好上手，我们来看下列几个范例：


A: What kind of accommodation do you live in?

（时间）：Well, my apartmentis a rather old building, but recently it’s renovated（翻新）.

（地点）：Its geographicallocation（地理位置） is ideal with easy transportation. In fact, it’s oneof the most ideal district（理想区域） in my hometown.

（人物）：The people in myneighborhood are extremely hospitable（热情好客） and warm-hearted.

（什么和意义）：略（注：不需要所有的层次都用上，回答问题时间本来就有限，同学们可以视情况而定。）


B: Which cinema do you often go to?

（时间）：The cinema isrecently established and it looks brand new.

（地点）：It’s withinwalking distance（只需步行的距离）from the apartment I live.

（什么）：The cinema hashigh quality audio facilities（高质量音响设备）.

（原因）：I love it a lotbecause of its excellent sound and visual effect（视听觉效果）.


C: Tell me something about your favourite traditional festival in China.

（时间）：It’s definitelyspring festival, which begins on Jan.1st of lunar calendar.

（地点）：No matter where youare, on this festival, you will go back home for a family reunion.

（人物）：We usually spendthis festival with friends and relatives.

（什么）：watch springfestival gala（春晚）, set off fireworks, get lucky money wrapped in redenvelope（收压岁钱）


二、抽象具体

此类方法很适合于回答一些抽象或理论性问题，如被问到what’s happiness?或what’s the importance of money?又或者what’s valueof education in your perspective?等问题时，很多同学会觉得问题很深奥而无从下手，这时我们就可以通过举自己的经历或自己熟悉的例子来化解抽象话题，然后再通过个例上升到总体的观点。下面我们来看几道范例：


A: Wow importantis it for a city or town to be located near the river or the sea?

（举例子）：Let me take Hainan for example. Recently, I had a holiday in Sanya, whichis located in Hainan province. In Sanya, I saw lot of visitors from both homeand abroad to appreciate its golden beaches, palm trees and idyllic blueocean（诗意的蓝色大海）.


（从例子上升到总体观点）：Therefore, I believe seaside places can benefit tremendously from itsbooming tourism industry（从繁荣的旅游业获利丰厚）.


B: What do you think is happiness?

（举例子）：Well, I believe happiness is quite hard to define. It may vary from oneperson to another. Take me for example, both my parents are very busy withtheir work, so it’s very rare for the whole family to sit together to have afamily get together. Therefore, i always feel a tremendous sense of happinesswhen both my parents are home so we finally can spend some quality timetogether.

（再举例）：Also, I feel a sense of happiness when I finally achieve my goal after longperiods of hard work.


（从例子上升到总结观点）：Therefore, I believe that happiness is not related to tangible （有形的）things such as money, wealth or fame, but is related to intangible（无形的） things. A warm family, long-lasting friendship, goodhealth and a satisfying job can all bring people happiness.


三、分层关键词

当我们觉得题目无从下手或者没话可说时，可以通过将题目中的关键词进行分层，来帮助我们扩充可答题的要点，可以使我们的思维更加开阔。下面来看以下几个例子，帮助我们了解什么是关键词分层：


A: what are theadvantages of doing sport?

（sports之个人运动）：By doing individualsport such as jogging can help people burn up extra calories, keep fit andstrengthen our hearts and lungs.

（sport之团队运动）：By doing team sportsuch as basketball or football can make people more team-oriented（有团队精神的）and help themto make like-minded friends（志同道合的朋友）.


B: Why do people like buying brand name products?

（brand name之服装类）：Some people buybrand name clothes to show their wealth and social status. Also, brand nameclothes make them look fashionable.

（brand name之电子产品类）：Many people like topay a lot for brand name electronic products because they think big brands havetrustable quality and after-sales services（值得信赖的质量和良好的售后服务）.

C: How important is it to eat fruits and vegetables?

（对小孩）：Fruits and vegetables provide necessary nutrition for children to grow fastand healthily.

（对女性）：For ladies, eating fruit and vegetables regularly can promote bloodcirculation, improve their skin tone（改善肤色） and help them lose weight.

（对老人）：Fibers and various vitamins in fruits and vegetables have anti-agingeffect（抗衰老功能）and can help old people stay healthy and young.


四、五官法

五官即我们通常所说的眼睛，鼻子，嘴巴，耳朵，当我们被问及一些和人物相关的问题或者是地点相关的问题时，可以采取这个方法，描述人物时，我们运用五官法来引导我们的思维，如这个人心灵如何如何，头脑如何如何，耳朵如何如何，嘴巴如何如何，鼻子如何如何等等，我们来看下面的范例：


A: What makes agood teacher?

（头脑）：He must be equippedwith abundant knowledge.

（嘴巴）：He should becommunicative, eloquent（雄辩的）and explain his lessons in an interesting and humorous way.

（心灵）：He should be impartial（公正的）, have a high sense of responsibility and be dedicatedto the cause of education.


当我们描述一些地点，我们也可以通过描述我们的真实感官来描述这个地点，比如有一个非常经典的话题就是描述一个海滨圣地，这时就可以采取五官法。


（眼睛）：As soon as I got off the airplane, I could see the crystal blue sea, goldenbeaches and palm trees and feel as if I were in paradise. 还可以说watch sunrise, watch colorful coral reefs while snorkeling等。

（嘴巴）：During the trip, we tasted all kinds of delicious seafood, such as lobsters（龙虾）, crabs, oysters（牡蛎） and various fish and clams, the chef is good atmixing different flavors together to make the seafood taste fresh and yummy.

（其他感官）：We could feel the soft gentle breeze（微风） from the ocean and listen to the rhythmic sound（有韵律的声音） of the waves flapping on the seashore.