同学们常常会抱怨听力耗时过长,无法集中精力,或者记得笔记恰好没有用,考到的全是自己记不住的信息怎么办?
其实ets出的考点,是具有一定规律的。不同的题材之间的确会存在一些出题方向的差别,但是绝大部分的题目都能通过这些规律点。
下面我们就来谈谈同学们在考试中如何 大化地预测的出题点。
1、听力的每篇第 一题,一定是主旨题
无论对话还是讲座,第 一题永远会考目的和主题。对话中常规考的是目的,讲座绝大多数考主题。
所以,在听对话的时候,任何一个说话者提到的“i need to …/i’m wondering…/i want to…/i’d like to …”,大家一定要记录下来这些信号词后面的内容,这就是目的题的答 案。
讲座的主题大多数会有一个较为明显的主旨句,当大家听到“now i’m going to talk about/will discuss/ today we will talk about/but today i’d like to introduce…” 等这样的信号句,后面跟的学术概念就是主旨的答 案。
偶有例外的是,音频中并没有出现任何一句上述的信号句,那么同学们在判断选项的时候,就需要用排除法,选择一个范围较大的,内容较为笼统的,能否代表音频的大部分内容,用排除法相对比较安全。
【举个例子】
tpo 8 c1 中,学生在一开始提到i’d like to drop off my graduation form, 那么这就是这篇对话的目的,purpose.
tpo 17 l4 中,教授一开始就提到now i want to talk about an animal that has an fascinating defense mechanisms, 就是这篇讲座的主题了。
2、ets经常会采用的对比,转折
出现两者做对比的,前后逻辑有转折关系的,都是潜在的考点。
下面的信号词:
做对比的,compared to, by contrast, on contrary, contradictory, on the other hand;
表转折的:however, but
这点也是基本上每一篇都会出题的地方,这些信号词后面跟着的内容,就是题目的答 案。
【举个例子】
tpo5 l4中: on the other hand, descriptions of characters and settings can be developed more completely.
tpo17 l4中: the octopus can release a cloud of ink if it feels threatened. but it doesn’t hide behind it, as is generally believed. um, the ink cloud is ... it serves to distract a predator while the octopus makes its escape.
tpo 5 l1中: an organism often cannot survive with a mutated gene. and so a gene usually cannot be passed on, unless it’s an exact copy. for memes however, fidelity is not always so important.
3、否定
在对话或者讲座中,说话者表达否定的:have no…, without,can’t be ;以及讲座中提及某个学术知识时,出现的否性形容词,比如:unusual, irrelevant,impossible。
【举个例子】
tpo9 l3: first the rains that fell there were torrential. so it would've been impossible for all the water to soak into the ground.
tpo1 l3: and it maybe this burial custom that explains why the houses were packed in so tightly without streets.
4、表达观点和态度
对话中一般出现,说话者的态度;讲座中会出现教授对于某个理论的观点,或者陈述某一个,几个科学家的观点。
以下是考点信号词:think, feel, believe, criticize, guess, assume/assumption, speculate/speculation, evidence, convincing
观点的表达分为三类,肯定,否定,不确定。
【举个例子】
tpo11 l1:and in a broken wing display the bird spreads and drags the wings or its tail, and while it does that, it slowly moves away from the nests so it really looks like a bird with a broken wing. and these broken wing displays can be pretty convincing. 教授认为这些broken wing display说服理非常强,表示肯定的态度
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