"for+宾格+不定式”的用法
" for sb. to do sth.”在句中可做:主语、宾语、关系代词、形容词、副词。
这种for sb. to do sth.复合结构中的宾语是不定式动作的发出者,这种结构可以在句中担任:
POINT 1 作主语
例子:
It's dangerous for them to play in the street.
(作主语的不定式常用it来,动词不定式后置。
对于他们来说,在街道上玩是危险的。
It is hard for her to say good-bye.
对她来说.道声再见是很难的。
POINT 2 作宾语
例子:
They gave this work for Kevin to do.
他们把这项工作交给凯文做。
POINT 3 作关系代词
例子:
This is the only way for them to choose.
这是他们能选择的方法。
POINT 4 作形容词
例子:
This kind of music is for children to listen to.
这种音乐是给孩子们听的。
POINT 5 作副词
例子:
She opened the windows for the sunshine to come in
她打开窗户让阳光照进来。
容易犯错的句子:
1.你好不要去那里。
错:You'd better not to go there.
错:You had not better go there.
对:You'd better not go there.
had better是一个固定短语,后接原形动词,had better do sth.的意思是“好做某事,,,其否定句式是had better
not do sth.,not应放在better后,不可以说:had not better do sth.或had better not to
do sth.
2.让我们停下来休息一下吧。
错:Let's stop having a rest.
对:Let's stop to have a rest.
stop having a rest是“停止休息,,的意思,而stop to do sth.“停下正在做的
事而去做另一件事”,所以表示“停下来休息一会”应说:stop to have arest。试比较:
Stop talking, please.
请不要说话了。
He stopped to talk to her.
他停下来跟她谈话。
3.玛丽正忙于做作业。
错:Mary is busy to do her homework.
对:Mary is busy (in) doing her homework.
对:Mary is busy with her homework.
在英语中表示“忙于做某事”应说:be busy (in) doing sthobusy后不接动词不定式,跟名词或代词时,应说:be busy with sth。
4.老师叫他上学不要再迟到。
错:The teacher told him don't be late for school again.
对:The teacher told him not to be late for school again.
“叫某人做某事,,应说:tell sb to do sth,其否定形式是tell sb not to do sth.o不定式短语在句子中作宾语补语。
5.格林先生喜欢住在台湾。
错:Mr. Green enjoys to live in Taiwan.
对:Mr. Green enjoys living in Taiwan.
enjoy后可跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语,不能跟不定式。
6.汤姆在看他们打篮球。
错:Tom is watching them to play basketball.
对:Tom is watching them play basketball.
在动词watch, see带to。hear, let, make等后面跟不定式作宾语补语时.不定式不
7.我希望你能来。
错:I hope you to come.
对:I hope that you will come.
hope可以跟不定式或从句,但不能跟带不定式的复合结构。
8.他让我等了一周。
错:He kept me to wait for a week.
对:He kept me waiting for a week.
"keep+宾语”后跟动词时,一般应接现在分词作宾语补语,不跟动词不定式。又如:
Don't keep your mother waiting.
不要让你妈妈等了。
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